Injinan Niƙa Karfe na CNC don Yankewa, Zane-zane da Niƙawa

A shekarar 2026, kuna son sanin kuma ku sayi injin niƙa ƙarfe na CNC don faɗaɗa kasuwancinku? Wannan jagorar siyayya za ta ba da cikakkun bayanai kan fannoni daban-daban na injunan niƙa ƙarfe na CNC da ake sayarwa, gami da ma'anarsu, ƙa'idar aiki, abubuwan da aka haɗa, filayen aikace-aikace, wuraren zaɓi, kulawa da kulawa, da sauransu. Ko kai ƙaramin studio ne, ƙaramin masana'antar sarrafawa, ɗakin studio na mutum, makarantar horarwa, kamfanin farawa, mai sha'awar son aiki, injiniya, ƙwararren masani kan masana'antu, wakili, mai rarrabawa, ko mai kamfani wanda ke da niyyar siyan kayan aiki, wannan jagorar siyayya za ta iya ba ku damar samun cikakken fahimtar ilimin da ya shafi irin waɗannan injunan. Ayyukan wannan nau'in injin sun haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance ga ba, sassaka daidai da niƙa, haƙa da niƙa tapping, yankewa mai sauri, haƙa mai sauri, chamfering mai sheƙi mai yawa, sarrafa mold, sarrafa kayan aiki, sarrafa siminti, da sarrafa daidai na saman lanƙwasa na 3D. Ana iya sarrafa ayyuka da yawa ta atomatik akan injin ɗaya. Idan kuna shirin shiga ko a halin yanzu kuna cikin masana'antar sarrafa ƙarfe, samun injin niƙa daidai ƙarfe na CNC wanda ya dace da kasuwancinku yana da matuƙar mahimmanci. Zai zama abokin hulɗar ku mafi aminci, wanda zai taimaka wa kasuwancin ku ya tashi zuwa wani sabon matsayi.

Menene Injin Niƙa CNC don Karfe?

Injin sassaka-niƙa na ƙarfe na CNC (Na'urar Kula da Lambobin Kwamfuta) kayan aiki ne mai inganci wanda shirye-shiryen kwamfuta ke sarrafawa. Yana aiwatar da cikakken sarrafawa ta atomatik bisa ga shirye-shiryen sarrafawa (G-code) waɗanda ƙwararrun masana suka rubuta. Yana amfani da kayan aikin yankewa mai sauri don yin aiki mai inganci da inganci kamar yankewa, sassaka, haƙa, niƙa, da kuma taɓa saman kayan ƙarfe. Ya dace da sarrafa siffofi masu rikitarwa na geometric, kyawawan alamu, ko sassa masu daidaito da ƙira. Babban fasalinsa shine sarrafa hulɗa ta zahiri, inda ake cire kayan kai tsaye ta hanyar juyawa mai sauri na sandar sassaka.

Musamman, injin niƙa CNC za a iya ƙara raba shi zuwa: Cibiyar sarrafa niƙa ƙarfe ta CNC da kuma niƙa ƙarfe tare da injin CNC. Dangane da ma'ana, babu bambanci sosai tsakanin waɗannan injunan guda biyu. Babban bambanci yana cikin tsarin ƙira da ayyukan injunan. Cibiyar sarrafa ƙarfe ta CNC tana da ayyuka masu ƙarfi kuma galibi ana amfani da ita don wasu yanayi masu nauyi na yankewa, kamar sarrafa manyan molds ko kayan aiki masu tauri. Gabaɗaya, tana da aikin canza kayan aiki ta atomatik na ATC, wanda zai iya canza kayan aikin ta atomatik don kammala ayyuka masu rikitarwa kamar haƙa, gundura, da taɓawa, kuma tsarin injin ɗin shi ma zai fi ƙarfi. Injin sassaka yana da ƙaramin yanki na sassaka, yawanci ƙasa da 600mm*900mm, kuma galibi ana amfani da shi don sarrafa sassa masu kyau. Yana da ƙaramin girma na sarrafawa da kyakkyawan tasirin sarrafawa, kuma ya dace da sarrafa ƙananan sassa masu daidaito kamar hatimi, tambari, da molds.

Idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin CNC na yau da kullun, an gina injin niƙa na CNC da tsari mai tsauri, ƙarfin sanda mai ƙarfi, da kuma ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da yankewa mai nauyi da samar da masana'antu. Ana amfani da shi sosai a matsayin cibiyar injinan CNC a masana'antun zamani.

Yaya CNC Milling Machine ke Aiki?

1. Ƙirƙiri samfuran 3D ko tsarin layi da ake buƙata a cikin fayilolin ƙira ta amfani da software na CAD (don ƙirar samfuri), sannan a canza fayilolin ƙira da aka shigo da su zuwa hanyoyin aiwatarwa (G-code) ta amfani da software na CAM (don ƙirƙirar hanyoyin sarrafawa). Lokacin fitar da hanyoyin sassaka, ya kamata a kula da saitunan sigogin sarrafawa daban-daban, kamar tsara hanyoyin sarrafawa, saurin ciyarwa, da zurfin sarrafawa, sannan a samar da umarni kamar M-code da F-code don sarrafa injin.

2. Ana aika shirin NC da aka haɗa zuwa tsarin CNC ta hanyar hanyoyin sadarwa na watsa bayanai (kamar USB, hanyar sadarwa ta gida, da sauransu). Mai sarrafa CNC tsarin kwamfuta ne da ake amfani da shi musamman don sarrafa motsin injunan CNC. Yana karɓa da kuma fassara umarnin da software na CAM ya samar kuma yana mayar da su zuwa siginar lantarki da injin zai iya fahimta.

3. Abubuwan lantarki na dijital suna fara motsawa da sarrafawa bisa ga siginar mai sarrafawa da aka karɓa. Mai canza mita yana sarrafa injin spindle don farawa a ƙayyadadden gudun, sannan yana tura motar don sarrafa saurin motsi da matsayin kowane axis (X, Y, Z, A, da sauransu) da kuma saurin ciyarwa, saurin ciyarwa, da zurfin yanke kayan aikin. Sukurin ƙwallon ƙafa, jagororin layi, da sauransu suna canza motsin juyawa na motar zuwa motsi na layi na kayan aikin don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki. Motocin spindle masu sauri suna tuƙa kayan aikin (kamar masu yanke niƙa, injinan motsa jiki, wukake masu sassaka, da sauransu) don juyawa a manyan gudu (juyin juya 6000-36000 a minti ɗaya) don cimma yanke ƙarfe da sassaka da sauran ayyuka. A lokaci guda, tsarin sanyaya yana hana kayan aiki da kayan aikin yin zafi sosai ta hanyar sanyaya iska ko sanyaya ruwa (ruwan yankewa). A lokacin sarrafawa, ana iya daidaita sigogin sarrafawa kamar saurin sarrafawa da ƙimar ciyarwa a ainihin lokaci bisa ga tasirin sarrafawa don daidaitawa da kayan aiki daban-daban da buƙatun sarrafawa daban-daban, tabbatar da kyakkyawan sakamako na sarrafawa da guje wa ɗaukar nauyi da karyewar kayan aiki.

Abubuwan da ke cikin Injin Niƙa Karfe na CNC

Na'urar sarrafa na'urar sarrafa lambobi galibi ta ƙunshi sassa uku: sassan tsarin kayan aikin injin, tsarin sarrafa lambobi, da tsarin watsawa. A ƙasa, za mu gabatar da tsarin da nau'ikan waɗannan manyan sassa uku bi da bi don yin amfani da su.

Kayan Aikin Inji

A halin yanzu, akwai manyan nau'ikan tsarin gado guda huɗu da ake da su a kasuwa, wato ƙarfe mai siminti, farantin ƙarfe mai walda, marmara ta halitta, da ma'adanai. Kowane nau'in tsarin gado yana da nasa halaye da filayen amfani waɗanda suka ɗan bambanta.

• Tsarin ƙarfe mai siminti: Baƙin ƙarfe mai launin toka yana ɗaya daga cikin kayan da aka fi amfani da su don gadajen injina. Ta hanyar zaɓar kayan ƙarfe mai launin toka mai inganci, narke su a cikin tanderun narkewa, da kuma zuba su a cikin molds don yin simintin gaba ɗaya, yana iya samun ƙarfin matsi mai yawa kamar ƙarfe. Duk da haka, har yanzu yana buƙatar magani na tsawon kwanaki 90 na tsufa don tabbatar da cewa gadon yana da babban shaƙar girgiza, babban tauri, da kwanciyar hankali mai yawa, wanda ke ba shi damar ba kawai tabbatar da daidaiton jikin injin ba har ma da biyan buƙatun niƙa ƙarfe mai sauri.

• Firam ɗin gado mai walda na farantin ƙarfe: Tsarin gadon da aka yi da faranti na ƙarfe yana da sauƙi kuma yana iya jure matsin lamba da tashin hankali mai yawa. Tsarin walda yana ba da damar ƙera firam ɗin gado masu siffa mai rikitarwa, kuma ta hanyar jiyya kamar su tempering, ana iya kawar da damuwar walda don inganta daidaito da kwanciyar hankali. Duk da haka, kayan aikin injin da ke da tsarin walda yana buƙatar fasahar walda mai girma kuma yana buƙatar ƙwararren murhu mai girman gaske don aƙalla jiyya na tempering sau uku, da kuma maganin tsufa na girgiza don tabbatar da cewa an kawar da damuwar walda gaba ɗaya, don cimma mafi kyawun aiki.

• Tsarin gadon marmara na halitta: An yi wannan nau'in tsarin gado ne da niƙa da sarrafa marmara na halitta. Yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin faɗaɗa zafi, kusan zafin jiki ba ya shafar shi, yana da kyakkyawan aikin kariya, kwanciyar hankali mai yawa, juriya mai yawa, kuma ba shi da ƙarfin maganadisu. Duk da haka, ba shi da isasshen ikon tsayayya da karkacewa, tasiri, da matsin lamba. Ana amfani da shi galibi a cikin kayan aikin aunawa daidai da ganowa da kayan aikin injina masu inganci.

• Tsarin gadon ma'adinai: A matsayin sabon nau'in kayan haɗin da ba na ƙarfe ba, an yi shi da resin epoxy a matsayin manne, yana ƙara barbashi na ma'adinai kamar dutse na quartz, duwatsu, basalt, da marmara a matsayin tarawa, sannan a ƙara zare na waya na ƙarfe ko wasu kayan zare don haɓaka tsarin. Bayan an gauraya sosai, ana zuba shi cikin mold don yin siminti. A lokacin aikin simintin, ana buƙatar a saka kayan haɗin ginin a wuraren da aka ƙayyade. Saboda wannan firam ɗin gado ana jefa shi a zafin ɗaki, yana da halaye na rashin damuwa na ciki a cikin tsarin, ƙaramin faɗaɗa zafi da matsewa, kyakkyawan aikin shaƙar girgiza, kyakkyawan juriya ga tsatsa, da kyakkyawan aikin rufi. Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin filin kayan aikin injin mai inganci.

Tsarin NC

Don sarrafa ƙarfe, daidaito, ikon hana tsangwama, da buƙatun daidaito na tsarin sarrafa na'ura suna da yawa. Yawanci, ana amfani da tsarin sarrafa lambobi mai zaman kansa. A cikin zaɓar masu sauya mita da injinan tuƙi, ana zaɓar masu sauya mitar vector don sarrafa sandar sassaka, kuma ana amfani da tsarin servo drive don sarrafa motsi na kowane axis don tabbatar da aikin na'urar da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin sassaka.

• Tsarin Nau'in Maɓalli na DSP: Wannan tsarin yana da alaƙa da kayan aikin injin ta hanyar layukan sigina kuma yana amfani da madannin sarrafawa don shigar da umarni. Yana ɗaukar tsarin sarrafawa mai saurin daidaitawa na gaba kuma ya gudanar da gyare-gyare daban-daban na hankali don saurin yankewa, kamar sarrafa matakai da yawa, ci gaba da sarrafa ƙananan sassan layi mai sauri, haɓaka S-curve da rage gudu, da sauransu. Tsarin zai iya zaɓar algorithm mafi inganci ta atomatik don inganta inganci. Bugu da ƙari, ba ya buƙatar ƙarin kwamfutoci, kuma kwanciyar hankalinsa ya fi girma. Wannan nau'in tsarin sarrafawa na lambobi yana da sauƙin aiki, mai araha, amma cikakken aikinsa bai cika kamar tsarin sarrafawa na nau'in panel ba, kuma ya dace da injuna masu ayyuka masu sauƙi.

• Tsarin Nau'in Faifai: Tsarin aiki yana da sauƙin fahimta, ayyukan sun cika kuma an haɗa su, kwanciyar hankali yana da ƙarfi, daidaiton sarrafa fitarwa yana da girma, kuma ikon aiki yana da girma sosai. Masu amfani za su iya gyara shirin kai tsaye akan allon. Amma rashin amfanin sa galibi yana cikin babban matakin fasaha, tsadar kayan aiki da tsadar koyo. Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi a cikin kayan aikin injina masu inganci kuma ya dace da sarrafa samfuran rikitarwa. Manyan samfuran sun haɗa da FANUC, SIEMENS, Mitsubishi, Hidahan, Makino, Syntec, VHB, GSK, da sauransu.

Fasahar sauyawa

Ana iya rarraba hanyoyin sarrafawa na gama gari na masu sauya mita zuwa nau'i biyu: ikon V/F da ikon vector. Ikon vector zai iya cimma iko da tsari na karfin injin; yayin da ikon V/F zai iya cimma daidaiton gudu ne kawai ta hanyar sarrafa mitar fitarwa na motar kuma ba zai iya cimma daidaiton lokaci na karfin fitarwa na motar ba. Don yawan nauyin karfin juyi, ikon V/F da ikon vector suna aiki, amma a cikin yanayin aiki inda ya zama dole a daidaita karfin fitarwa na motar, ikon V/F bai cancanta ba kuma dole ne a yi amfani da ikon vector maimakon haka.

• Ikon V/F: Ana yin amfani da shi ne musamman ga injinan da ba su da alaƙa da juna. Domin tabbatar da cewa kwararar maganadisu da ƙarfin fitarwa ba su canza ba, lokacin da mitar motar ta canza, rabon ƙarfin lantarki (V) da mita d (F) yana buƙatar a kiyaye shi kusan akai-akai. Saboda haka, wannan hanyar ana kiranta da tsarin sarrafa rabon ƙarfin lantarki mai ɗorewa, wanda shine ikon sarrafa V/F. Fa'idodin ikon sarrafa V/F sune sauƙin sarrafawa, ƙarfin duniya, da ƙarancin farashi. Rashin amfani da shi shine lokacin da aka ƙara kaya kwatsam, injin zai sami wani abu mai wucewa, wanda ke haifar da juyawar karfin juyi da saurin gudu. Bayan wani lokaci, zai iya isa ga daidaito ne kawai a ƙarƙashin zamewa mafi girma. Ana amfani da ikon sarrafa V/F gabaɗaya a cikin yanayi inda buƙatun gudu da daidaito ba su da tsauri sosai ko kuma bambancin kaya ƙanana ne.

• Ikon sarrafa vector: Fasaha ce ta sarrafa mota mai ci gaba wadda ke kwaikwayon ƙa'idar sarrafawa ta injinan DC. Ta hanyar wargaza da kuma sarrafa halin yanzu na stator na motar AC, tana aiwatar da tsarin juyi mai zaman kansa na injin da kwararar maganadisu, ta haka ne take inganta daidaito da daidaiton sarrafa injin spindle. Kula da vector ba wai kawai yana ba da damar daidaita ƙarfin lantarki da mita ba, har ma yana ba da damar sarrafawa daidai don lokaci. Tare da haɓaka fasahar kwamfuta da na'urori masu sarrafa siginar dijital, an yi amfani da fasahar sarrafa vector sosai a cikin tsarin daidaita saurin mita mai canzawa mai girma. Irin waɗannan masu canza mita suna da farashi mai tsada.

Motar Servo Drive

Akwai manyan tsarin injinan servo guda biyu da ake amfani da su sosai a fannin injinan sassaka: Tsarin Motar Pulse Servo da Tsarin Motar Bus Servo. Wanne za a zaɓa ya dogara ne da takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikace da kuma tsarin kayan aiki.

• Yanayin sarrafa bugun jini: Yanayin sarrafa bugun jini yana da sauƙi kuma mai sauƙin fahimta, kuma yana da sauƙin aiwatar da aikin sarrafa matsayi na asali. Ga wasu injuna waɗanda ke da ƙarancin buƙatun daidaito, sarrafa bugun jini ya riga ya isa don biyan buƙatun. Injunan da ke amfani da sarrafa bugun jini suna da ƙarancin farashi saboda ba a buƙatar ƙa'idodin sadarwa masu rikitarwa. Wannan nau'in sarrafa motar servo yana da sauƙi, araha, kuma yana da sauƙin daidaitawa da tsarin CNC, kuma galibi ana amfani da shi a cikin injunan matsakaici zuwa ƙasa.

• Yanayin sarrafa bas: Isasshen bas ɗin yana da ayyukan tabbatar da checksum. Idan aka dame tsarin, zai yi ƙararrawa ya dakatar da injin, ba tare da tsallake matakai ko ayyukan da ba daidai ba. Bas ɗin yana da ƙarfin hana tsangwama. Baya ga aika umarnin sarrafawa, yana iya duba sigogin injin kamar gudu, matsayi, halin yanzu, da ƙarfin lantarki a ainihin lokaci kuma ya mayar da su zuwa tsarin sarrafawa don samar da cikakken ikon sarrafa tsarin. Yawanci ana haɗa ikon sarrafa bas ɗin tare da ka'idoji na gama gari (CAN, Ethernet, Modbus, da sauransu), kuma duk haɗin za a iya kammala su da kebul na cibiyar sadarwa guda ɗaya kawai. Lokacin da aka haɗa shi da injinan servo masu ƙimar gaske, babu buƙatar damuwa game da asarar matsayin asali, kuma bayan kowane farawa, tsarin ba ya buƙatar komawa ga asalin. Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi a cikin injunan zamani masu manyan buƙatu don kwanciyar hankali da daidaito.

Tsarin Aikace-aikacen Injinan Niƙa CNC

Abubuwan da aka dace: Ana iya sarrafa abubuwa daban-daban da inganci mai kyau, gami da ƙarfe (kamar ƙarfe, ƙarfe, bakin ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, aluminum, da sauransu), gami, kayayyakin kayan aiki, da kuma yumbu, graphite, plexiglass, acrylic, itace, bakelite da kayan wucin gadi.

Tsarin fasaha: Injinan niƙa ƙarfe na CNC na iya aiwatar da ayyuka iri-iri masu rikitarwa kamar su yin amfani da chamfering mai sheƙi, sassaka mai kyau da niƙa, haƙo mai sauri, niƙa mai sauri, yankewa mai sauri, sarrafa mold, sarrafa kayan aiki, kammala saman abubuwa uku, da sauransu don biyan buƙatun samarwa daban-daban.

Masana'antu da samfuran aikace-aikace: Ana amfani da injin niƙa na CNC sosai a cikin 5G, 3C, sassan motoci, kera sassan daidai, samar da mold iri-iri, kayan aikin likita daidai, sarrafa sassan da ke da siffar faifan diski, sarrafa ƙananan sassan faranti, kera samfuran harsashi da sauran masana'antu. Takamaiman yanayin aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da niƙa da tsage sassan ƙarfe na aluminum, sarrafa kayan yumbu, yanke bayanan ƙafafun ƙarfe na aluminum, sassaka hatimin tagulla, sarrafa ramin haƙori na carbide, niƙa da sassaka samfuran acrylic, sarrafa bakelite, samar da tagulla da aluminum, samar da mold mai zafi, niƙa ƙarfe na mold, kera kayan aiki, da sauransu.

Shawarwari kan Zaɓar Injinan Injin Niƙa Karfe na CNC

Nau'in zaɓi

Ana amfani da injunan niƙa ƙarfe galibi don niƙa kayan ƙarfe kuma sun dace da kayan aiki masu girma da kuma buƙatar ƙarfin yankewa mai yawa. Injunan sassaƙa ƙarfe suna mai da hankali kan sarrafa ƙananan sassa masu inganci, kamar sassaƙa, sarrafa ƙananan sassa, da sauransu. Idan kuna buƙatar ƙananan sassa masu inganci ko tsare-tsare masu rikitarwa, kuna iya zama mafi dacewa da injunan sassaƙa; idan sarrafa yanke ne na al'ada, injunan niƙa CNC na iya zama mafi dacewa.

Kwatanta abu/nau'in	CNC Metal Engraving Machine	CNC Metal Milling Machine
Matsayin Zane	Babban daidaito, ƙaramin adadin yankewa (aiki mai kyau)	Babban girman yankewa, yankewa mai nauyi (mai kauri)
Tsarin Tsarin	Simintin haɗaka, yawanci tare da tebur mai motsi	Kayan da ya yi kauri, mai ƙarfi sosai, ya dace da yankewa mai nauyi
Gudun sanda	Babba (12000-60000 RPM)	Ƙasa (500-15000 RPM)
Layin Jagora da Sandunan Sukurori	Jagororin layi mai daidaito, sukurori masu inganci masu ƙananan ramuka	Layukan tauri, sukurori masu babban firam
Motar motar	Ƙaramin injin servo mai ƙarfi, saurin amsawa mai sauri, ya dace da ƙananan sarrafa ƙaura	Motar servo mai ƙarfi, tare da babban ƙarfin juyi
surface Gama	Zai iya cimma tasirin madubi kai tsaye (Ra 0.1 ~ 0.8μm)	Gabaɗaya Ra 1.6 ~ 3.2μm (ana buƙatar kammalawa ko gogewa daga baya)
Yanke Yanke	Ƙarami (zurfin yanke wuka ɗaya 0.01 ~ 0.5mm)	Babba (zurfin yanke wuka ɗaya 5 ~ 10mm)
Aikace-aikace na al'ada	Ana amfani da shi don sarrafa ƙananan kayan aiki (≤600*900mm). Na'ura ce da aka ƙera don ingantaccen aiki da kuma ingantaccen aiki. Yawanci ana amfani da shi don sarrafawa tare da ƙananan girman yankewa da cikakkun bayanai masu rikitarwa (kamar ƙirar daidaito, sassan samfuran lantarki na 3C, sauƙi, sarrafa ƙananan ramuka, da sauransu).	Zai iya kammala aikin injina yadda ya kamata, kammalawa da kuma kammala kayan ƙarfe, kuma ya dace da samar da sassan da ke da babban girman yankewa da buƙatun tauri mai yawa (kamar sassan mota, ƙira, sassan tsari, da sauransu)
price	2800-14280 USD	7500-52000 USD

Zaɓin saitawa

Kayan sarrafawa: Taurin kayan yana ƙayyade ƙarfin injin. Ga ƙarfe masu laushi (tagulla, aluminum), ana iya zaɓar madaurin da ke ƙasa da 3.5KW, kuma saurin madaurin yawanci shine (24,000 RPM). Carbide (ƙarfe, titanium): Yi ƙoƙarin zaɓar madaurin da ke da ƙarfin juyi mai ƙarfi sama da 3.5KW.

Lura: Dole ne a yi amfani da tsarin yankan ruwa don sarrafa kayan bakin karfe, kuma sanyayawar feshi bai isa ya cika buƙatun sarrafawa ba.

Daidaiton sarrafawa: Idan buƙatar daidaiton yana cikin ±0.05mm, farashin samfurin da ya dace gabaɗaya ya fi arha. Idan ana buƙatar daidaiton ya zama ±0.01mm, ma'aunin daidaitawa na dukkan injin zai yi yawa sosai (misali, ana ba da shawarar zaɓar sukurori mai niƙa sama da C5 don matakin sukurori), kuma farashin zai fi girma. Saboda haka, lokacin zaɓar kayan aikin sarrafawa, ya kamata ku zaɓi samfuri mai ma'ana bisa ga ainihin buƙatun daidaitonku don guje wa bin samfura tare da daidaito mai yawa, wanda zai haifar da ƙaruwar farashi mara amfani.

Ma'aunin samarwa: Idan ƙaramin tsari ne na musamman, canza kayan aiki da hannu ya isa. Idan samarwa ne mai yawa, ana ba da shawarar zaɓar aikin canza kayan aiki ta atomatik.

Zaɓin faɗaɗa aiki

• Axis da yawa: Axis huɗu (gatari masu juyawa) sun dace da sassaka silinda, kuma axis biyar sun dace da sarrafa saman lanƙwasa masu rikitarwa.

• Tsarin canza kayan aiki ta atomatik (ATC): Yana inganta ingancin sarrafawa na ayyuka daban-daban (ƙarfin mujallun kayan aiki 6-24 kayan aiki).

Zaɓin Girman

• Ƙananan kayan aiki (akwatunan wayar hannu, kayan ado): bugun 300×300mm, daidaiton matsayi mai maimaitawa ≤0.0015mm.

• Matsakaitan girman kayan aiki (ƙwayoyi, sassan injina): bugun 600×900mm, ikon sarrafa madauri a rufe.

• Manyan kayan aiki (sassan mota): tsarin gantry, bugun jini ≥1500mm, sanye take da aikin canza kayan aiki ta atomatik (ATC).

Maintenance

Kulawa da kula da injuna muhimmin abu ne da ke shafar daidaiton sarrafawa, tasirin sarrafawa da kuma tsawon lokacin sabis na injunan. Ya ƙunshi tsaftace injunan yau da kullun, duba akai-akai kan da'irar mai, iskar gas da ruwa, da kuma gwaje-gwajen daidaito da daidaitawa sau ɗaya a cikin kowane watanni shida ko sau ɗaya a kowace shekara.

Daily tsabtatawa

Babban abin da ke cikin wannan matakin shine tsaftace tsafta. Ana iya goge murfin ƙarfe na gefe kai tsaye da maganin tsaftacewa, yayin da za a iya tsaftace na ciki da bindigar ruwa mai ƙarfi da injin ya bayar don cire ragowar (lura: don Allah a yi amfani da ruwan yankewa don guje wa tsatsa daga injin). Da farko, tsaftace tarkacen ƙarfe a cikin injin. Bayan an gama tsaftacewar, za mu buɗe murfin kariya na na'urar watsawa kuma mu tsaftace ragowar da ke ciki. Bayan an gama tsaftacewa, a busar da mai da busasshen zane sannan a goge tabon mai a hankali a kan ƙarfen ciki da zane. Murfin kariya na layin jagora yana buƙatar a cire shi daban, a tsaftace shi sosai, sannan a sake sanya shi. Ma'aunin tsaftacewa na injin shine cewa fenti yana nuna asalin launinsa kuma ƙarfe na iya nuna haske.

Dubawa na yau da kullun

A kai a kai, duba da'irar mai, da'irar iska, da'irar ruwa da manyan sassan injin, zai iya guje wa matsaloli da yawa na injiniya da ke faruwa sakamakon rashin kulawa, wanda hakan zai tsawaita rayuwar injin da kuma daidaiton sarrafa shi na yau da kullun.

• Da'irar mai: Daidaita lokacin allurar mai na famfon mai na lantarki zuwa minti ɗaya don ba da damar allurar mai cikin sauri. Sannan a lura da wuraren fitar da mai don ganin ko akwai mai. A ƙarshe, muna buƙatar sarrafa kayan aikin don lura da yanayin shafa mai na layin jagorar sukurori.

• Da'irar iska: Akan duba danshi a cikin da'irar iska. Ana amfani da da'irar iska ta injin niƙa mai sassaka musamman don sarrafa bawuloli da silinda na solenoid. Idan akwai ruwa a cikin da'irar iska, zai rage tsawon rayuwar bawuloli da silinda na solenoid sosai. Muna buƙatar ƙara mai mai shafawa a cikin mai raba ruwa akai-akai.

• Da'irar ruwa: Duba rabon ruwan yanka. Ya zama dole a haɗa ruwan yanka a gaba sannan a zuba shi a cikin tankin ruwa da aka gina a cikin injin. Matsalolin tsatsa da yawa akan benci na aiki da murfin kariya suna da alaƙa da rabon ruwan yanka.

• Binciken manyan sassan: Ana duba sukurori, layin jagora da bearings ne kawai ta hanyar ko akwai hayaniya mara kyau yayin aikin injin. Idan daidaiton ya kasance ba tare da haƙuri ba, ana iya tantance ko akwai matsala. Ga injinan da ke da aikin canza kayan aiki ta atomatik, ana buƙatar tsaftace saman mujallar kayan aiki. Ana buƙatar maye gurbin man gear a cikin akwatin cam sau ɗaya a kowace shekara biyar. Lura da juyawar kan kayan aiki gaba da baya, motsi sama da ƙasa na hannun kayan aiki da motsi na hannun injin. Duba idan akwai wani kuskure a cikin tsayi da kusurwar canjin kayan aikin mujallar kayan aiki. Juya babban shaft a babban gudu don duba ko akwai wani hayaniya mara kyau. Tsaftace babban ramin shaft, duba babban shaft ɗin da ke gudana. Tsaftace allon matattarar fanka mai sanyaya na kabad ɗin sarrafawa. Gabaɗaya, yana buƙatar tsaftacewa sau ɗaya a wata.

Duba daidaici

• Matsayi: Mataki na farko shine a sake daidaita matakin injin. Duk binciken daidaito na gaba ya dogara ne akan kayan aikin da ke cikin yanayin kwance don aunawa. An raba wannan daidaitawa zuwa yanayin daidaitawar matakin motsi da kuma daidaita matakin tsaye. Saita matakin tsaye zuwa yanayin 0:0, kuma daidaita matakin motsi zuwa yanayin da ya fi dacewa a cikin kewayon da za a iya daidaitawa. Yi amfani da alamar bugawa don auna maki 9 akan teburin aiki don gano madaidaicin teburin aiki. Sakamakon gano waɗannan maki 9 ba wai kawai yana wakiltar madaidaicin teburin aiki ba ne, har ma yana nuna yanayin lalacewa na layin jagora.

• A tsaye: A cikin axis na X/Y, axis na X/Z, da kuma axis na Y/Z bi da bi. Ɗauki axis na X/Y a matsayin misali. Da farko, auna axis na Y tare da alamar dial kuma daidaita shi ya zama kwance. Sannan a auna alkiblar X tare da mai nuna alama kuma a lura da bayanan masu nuna hagu da dama. Bambancin da ke tsakanin masu nuna hagu da dama shine ƙimar kuskuren digiri 90 na axis na X/Y. Haka kuma ya shafi sauran axis guda biyu.

• Daidaiton dogara sanda: Da farko, sanya sandar ganowa a kan sandar don auna kwararar ƙarshen sandar tsakiya mafi nisa. Ma'aunin sabuwar na'ura shine: ga sandar ganowa mai tsawon mm 300, kwararar da ke ƙarshen nesa ya kamata ta kasance cikin μm 5. Sannan a auna janareta na gaba da gefe na sandar tsakiya. Wannan daidaito galibi yana nuna karkacewar da ke tsakanin abin kai da layukan jagora na Z-axis. Idan akwai karkacewa, galibi yana faruwa ne sakamakon karo na injin.

• Daidaiton gwajin bugun jini na spindle: A kan teburin aiki, yi amfani da alamar bugun kira don zana da'ira kuma yi alama ga ƙimar ma'auni a maki 8. Wannan daidaito galibi yana nuna cikakken tsaye na axis na Z zuwa ga axis na X/Y. Gabaɗaya, idan akwai alamun wuka a kan santsi ko saman lebur, yana nufin akwai kuskure a cikin daidaiton.

• Martani ga martanin: Mutane da yawa sun san game da backlash, amma ba su san yadda za su gano shi ba. Bari mu ɗauki Y-axis a matsayin misali. Da farko, haɗa alamar dial zuwa teburin aiki kuma bari pointer ya danna kan spindle. Saita matsayin gear zuwa X10, danna pointer grid ɗaya a lokaci guda a ciki, danna grid da yawa, sannan ja da baya grid ɗaya, sannan ka lura da kuskuren da ke tsakanin pointer da matsayin da ya gabata. Wannan ƙimar kuskuren ita ce backback na injin. Bayan auna ƙimar, yana buƙatar a daidaita shi a cikin sigogin tsarin sarrafa lambobi. Ga injin jagora na layi, gabaɗaya ya kamata ya kasance cikin 5 μm. Idan kuskuren ya yi girma sosai, galibi yana faruwa ne saboda matsaloli tare da sandar sukurori da bearing.

• Daidaita matsayi mai maimaitawa: Rashin daidaiton daidaiton kayan aiki yawanci yana faruwa ne sakamakon matsalolin matsayi. Gabaɗaya, idan sigogin baya na tsarin sarrafa lambobi sun yi daidai da ainihin yanayin, ba za a sami manyan matsaloli tare da matsayin maimaitawa ba. Babban abin la'akari shine ma'aunin tsawaita zafi na sandar sukurori.

Ya kamata a duba daidaiton da ke sama sau ɗaya a kowace rabin shekara ko shekara guda. Ana buƙatar gyara ƙananan karkacewa akan lokaci don guje wa lalacewar kayan aiki cikin sauri da kuma shafar rayuwar sabis.